1.Tanthauzo la pampu ya thovu
Pampu ya thovu ndizomwe zili ndi mpweya palimodzi kuti zitheke kupanga zinthu zapope za thovu. Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka za sanitizer pamanja, chotsukira ndi zinthu zina.
2.Mbiri yachitukuko cha pampu ya thovu
Asanayambe kupanga mpope wa thovu, nthawi zambiri ndi mankhwala amtundu wa aerosol kuti atulutse chithovu, ndiko kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa liquefied kukulitsa ejecta kupanga thovu, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito thovu pambuyo pa ejecta colloid kupanga thovu. kwenikweni, kugwiritsa ntchito pampu ya thovu tsiku ndi tsiku kunali pampu ya thovu ya chala yomwe idayambitsidwa ndi Airspray ku Netherlands mu 1995.
Mtundu uwu wa chala kuthamanga mtundu thovu mpope yodziwika ndi thupi lake wapangidwa mpweya mpope ndi madzi mpope mbali ziwiri, madzi mu mpope thupi ndi mpweya mokwanira kusakaniza pambuyo ejection, ejection ndi khola, ntchito yosavuta, osakhudzidwa ndi ntchito ogula. , mtundu wa thovu wotulutsidwa ndi wabwino.
Poyerekeza ndi mankhwala a aerosol a thovu, mpope wa thovu woponderezedwa ndi chala uli ndi ubwino wambiri woonekeratu: choyamba, sichiyenera kudzaza projectile, kotero sichidzayambitsa kuipitsa chilengedwe, ndipo palibe ngozi yoyaka ndi yophulika.Sichifuna zitsulo zachitsulo ndi zida zosindikizira zodzaza mpweya, choncho mtengo wake ndi wotsika ndipo ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza.Chachiwiri, zambiri zamadzimadzi zomwe zimapangidwira pampope ya thovu yachitsulo zimakhala zochokera m'madzi, zomwe zimakhala zosasunthika organic compounds (VOCs). ) m'chilengedwe, ndipo ndi ofunika kwambiri kutchuka. Chachitatu, mungagwiritse ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsulo, kuphatikizapo lalikulu, makona atatu, oval, ndi zina zotero. kusankhidwa kwa zinthu za chidebecho kumakhalanso kwakukulu.
3.Kugwiritsa ntchito pampu ya thovu
Pampu ya thovu yoponderezedwa ndi chala, itatha kukhazikitsidwa, idapindula ndi opanga mankhwala amtundu watsiku ndi tsiku, omwe akukula mwachangu pamsika, akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakusamalira anthu, kuyeretsa m'nyumba, katundu wamagalimoto, zopangira ziweto ndi mafakitale ena.
4.Mafotokozedwe a kapangidwe kazinthu zapope ya thovu
Chala kuthamanga thovu mpope kuchokera mkati kapangidwe ka mankhwala, makamaka anawagawa magawo asanu zotsatirazi:
i.Actuating gawo: ntchito ndi kuchititsa mphamvu ku mbali zina mkati mwa mankhwala ndi kukanikiza mutu, ndi kuzindikira ndondomeko ya kuthamanga rebound kufalitsidwa ndi kukhetsa madzi a mpope thovu kupyolera masika. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a mutu akhoza kupangidwa. mu mawonekedwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zosowa (monga momwe tawonetsera pa chithunzi pamwambapa).
ii.Chipinda chosungiramo chamadzimadzi: ntchitoyo ndi kukanikiza mutu pansi njira yosungiramo madzi kuchipinda chosungiramo madzi, malinga ndi mutuwo udzakhala botolo la chipinda chosungiramo madzi chamadzimadzi; Komanso, kasupe womangidwa mu chipinda chosungiramo madzi amasewera. ntchito ya springback.
iii.Chipinda chosungiramo gasi: chofanana ndi chipinda chosungiramo madzi, mpweya wokhawo umalowetsedwa ndikutuluka mu chipinda chosungiramo mpweya.
iv.Gawo la chitoliro: kugwirizana pakati pa madzi mu botolo ndi mpope wonse, ndi njira yomwe madzi amalowa m'chipinda chosungiramo madzi kuti atsimikizire kuti madzi omwe ali mu botolo akhoza kutulutsidwa mwamsanga ndipo kuchuluka kwa madzi otsalawo kuchepetsedwa. .
v.Gasi-zamadzimadzi kusanganikirana chipinda: pamene mutu mbamuikha pansi, madzi mu chipinda chosungiramo madzi ndi madzi ndi mpweya m'chipinda chosungiramo mpweya zimasakanizidwa ndi kupsyinjika mu mpweya wamadzimadzi osakaniza chipinda, ndipo chithovu chabwino chimapangidwa kupyolera mu wandiweyani. mauna a chipinda chosanganikirana cha mpweya.
Mapampu a thovu omwe amawonedwa pamsika amagwira ntchito molingana ndi mfundo yomweyi. Poyerekeza ndi mpope wachikhalidwe, mawonekedwe a pampu yamtundu wonse wa chala ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi malo osungira gasi. Pampu ndiye gawo lalikulu la mankhwala onse, omwe amatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa madzi, chithovu zotsatira ndi bata.
Chithunzi chotsatirachi ndi chithunzi cha mawonekedwe a pampu ya thovu ya chala:
Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito pamutu wa mpope molingana ndi woyamba, pisitoni yayikulu kunsi 3, pisitoni yaying'ono 6 ndi magawo ofananirako, mpaka katundu wamasika 10, valavu ya mpira pamalo otsekedwa, madzi mu chipinda chosungiramo madzi chachipinda chosungiramo madzi. zing'onozing'ono zofinyidwa m'mphepete mwa njira yamadzi opangidwa, ndi mpweya wotuluka kuchokera kuchipinda chosungiramo gasi pambuyo pa netcom wosakanikirana, wa surfactant mumadzi osakanikirana ndi mpweya kuti apange thovu mpope pakamwa mbali ndi mbali; Pamene mutu wa mpope umatulutsidwa molingana ndi mutu, kasupe amakankhira pisitoni m'mwamba, chipinda chosungiramo gasi ndi chipinda chosungiramo madzi chimapanga kupanikizika koipa, njira yolowera valavu imatsegulidwa, mpweya umalowa m'chipinda chosungiramo mpweya, ndipo valve ya mpira imakhala yotseguka, madzi amadzimadzi. amalowa m'chipinda chosungiramo madzi kudzera mu udzu ndi zina zotero.